Power supply is the foundation of all electronic products. In order to meet the various requirements of different applications in terms of power and AC/DC conversion, a variety of power components and modules are needed to provide suitable and safe power, ensuring the stable operation of the system. This article will introduce you to a range of power conversion solutions offered by Arrow Electronics, as well as related products from onsemi and Murata.
Complete solution for solar energy storage systems
Complete solution for solar energy storage systems in residential applications is currently one of the popular products. Energy storage is crucial for the further development of renewable and decentralized energy generation. It requires user-friendly products to design efficient power conversion and battery management systems. Cost and performance optimization are key driving factors, while fast time-to-market and reliable delivery performance are critical requirements.
In battery-based systems for solar energy storage, there are two main approaches: single-cell-based solutions and battery-pack-based solutions. Various components are required, including operational amplifiers (OPAs), current sense amplifiers, instrumentation amplifiers, analog switches, interfaces, digital signal processors/microcontrollers, MOSFETs, ADCs, silicon carbide MOSFETs, current sensors, shunt resistors, gate drivers, flash memory, and silicon carbide diodes, and more.
Arrow Electronics offers a range of power converters specifically designed for power and energy applications. These include a bidirectional power converter (6600W) for on-board chargers (OBC), which consists of a Power Factor Correction (PFC) module and a DC-DC module. We also provide PFC and DC-DC (6600W) modules for bidirectional energy storage systems (ESS), including on-grid PFC and DC-DC modules. Additionally, we offer a three-phase three-level T-type bidirectional power converter (15kW), which includes a PFC module.
Power converters supporting bidirectional ESS applications
Arrow Electronics offers a bidirectional power converter with Totem Pole PFC module for OBC, supporting AC/DC bidirectional power conversion. It can deliver a maximum charging power of 6.6 kW, with a power factor greater than 0.99 and THDi less than 5% at full load. The converter supports AC input voltage ranging from 200 Vac to 265 Vac at 50 Hz and DC output voltage from 390 Vdc to 680 Vdc. It has a maximum inversion power of 3.3 kW and supports a rated input of 504 Vdc and a rated output of 220 Vac at 50 Hz for inversion. The efficiency is greater than 98%, and its dimensions are 365 mm x 180 mm x 100 mm (L x W x H).
Arrow Electronics also offers a CLLLC DC-DC module for bidirectional power conversion in OBC. It supports DC/DC bidirectional power conversion with a maximum charging power of 6.6 kW. The module accepts a DC input voltage ranging from 390 Vdc to 680 Vdc and provides a DC output voltage ranging from 250 Vdc to 450 Vdc. It has a maximum inversion power of 3.3 kW and supports a rated input of 336 Vdc and a rated output of 504 Vdc for inversion. The efficiency is greater than 98%, and its dimensions are 350 mm x 225 mm x 100 mm (L x W x H).
For ESS applications, Arrow Electronics offers bidirectional power converters. The Totem Pole PFC module in these converters provides a maximum bidirectional power conversion of 6.6 kW, with a power factor greater than 0.99 and THDi less than 3% at full load. The efficiency is greater than 98%. It supports an input voltage of 200-265 VAC at 50 Hz and an output voltage of 550 VDC. It supports on-grid and off-grid inversion, with a rated input of 550 VDC and a rated output of 220 VAC at 50 Hz for inversion. The dimensions are 450 mm x 150 mm x 100 mm (L x W x H).
Arrow Electronics also offers a CLLLC module for bidirectional power conversion in ESS applications. It is a dual symmetrical CLLLC DC-DC converter supporting a maximum bidirectional power conversion of 6.6 kW. The efficiency is greater than 98%. It accepts an input voltage of 550 VDC and provides an output voltage ranging from 60 VDC to 90 VDC. It supports an input of 80 VDC for inversion and an output of 550 VDC. The dimensions are 450 mm x 330 mm x 100 mm (L x W x H).
Arrow Electronics also offers a three-phase three-level T-type bidirectional power converter. This converter utilizes STM power devices and supports a switching frequency of 70 kHz. It has an input voltage range of 208V to 400Vac, with a rated nominal input of 400Vac at 50 Hz. The line frequency range is from 47 Hz to 63 Hz. The nominal output voltage is 800Vdc, and the maximum AC/DC output power is 15 kW. It has a power factor greater than 0.99, with efficiency reaching up to 97-98% (typical) and 99% (maximum). The total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 5% (less than 3% at 30-100% load). Additionally, Arrow Electronics offers a variant of this converter that utilizes onsemi power devices, delivering similar performance characteristics.
Provide reliable and safe high-efficiency gate drivers
In power conversion applications, onsem's NCP51561 is a isolated dual-channel gate driver designed for fast switching of power MOSFETs and SiC MOSFET power switches. It features peak sourcing and sinking currents of 4.5A/9A.
The NCP51561 provides short and well-matched propagation delays and features two independent 5 kVRMS (UL1577-rated) electrically isolated gate driver channels. It can be configured for any combination of two low-side switches, two high-side switches, or a half-bridge driver with programmable dead-time. When the enable pin is set to a low level, both outputs are simultaneously shutdown. The NCP51561 also offers additional important protection features such as independent undervoltage lockout and enable functions for reliable operation and safety. It provides high-efficiency switching, high robustness, and adaptability to different MOS loads.
The NCP51561 operates with an output supply voltage range of 6.5V to 30V and has UVLO thresholds of 5V, 8V, and 17V. The typical propagation delay for each channel is 36 ns, with a maximum delay matching of 8 ns. Users can implement programmable input logic for single or dual inputs modes through ANB. It has a common-mode transient immunity (CMTI) greater than 200 V/ns, supports 5 kVRMS isolation from input to each output, and features a 1200V peak differential voltage between output channels. The driver allows programmable dead-time and includes an enable or disable pin.
Applications of the NCP51561 include isolated converters in DC-DC and AC-DC power supplies, server and telecom power supplies, industrial drives, and final products such as high-power DC/DC converters, data server and telecom power modules, UPS, motor drives, and DC to AC solar inverters for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) onboard chargers.
onsemi also offers high-speed IGBTs based on FS4 (Field Stop Trench Gen4) technology. These high-speed IGBTs have lower voltage spikes, allowing for the use of lower Rg (gate resistance) for faster switching. Additionally, onsemi has introduced FS4 medium-speed IGBTs, which exhibit a softer current falling, lower voltage overshoot, and no gate oscillation, enabling the use of lower Rg.
onsemi has also released a series of highly efficient 1200V FS7 IGBTs that deliver industry-leading performance, minimizing conduction and switching losses. These new devices are designed to improve the energy efficiency of fast-switching applications and will be primarily used in energy infrastructure applications such as solar inverters, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), energy storage, and electric vehicle charging power converters.
Furthermore, onsemi offers the SIC series products based on M3S SiC technology. The M3S technology is well-suited for hard-switching applications and offers excellent Qgx RDS(ON) FOM. Taking the example of the 1200V M3S Planar EliteSiC MOSFET, it is optimized for fast-switching applications and operates reliably under negative gate voltage drive while suppressing any spikes on the gate. This series exhibits the best performance when driven with an 18V gate drive but can also operate normally with a 15V gate drive.
Power magnetics for new energy vehicle applications
With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, there is a growing demand for charging stations. To accelerate the charging speed, high-power and high-frequency transformers must be used in high-power applications (such as 200 kW). However, traditional transformer designs face challenges in terms of construction, high-frequency losses, and heat dissipation, making it difficult to increase the operating frequency.
Traditional transformer designs struggle to build compact single-module high-frequency power magnetics due to the proximity effect, where adjacent current-carrying conductors interfere with each other's magnetic fields, leading to losses. This proximity effect, along with other losses associated with traditional structures, limits the frequency at which small-sized and high-power transformers can operate.
Murata has introduced an innovative patented technology called pdqb winding, which breaks the barrier between power and frequency. Murata's innovative pdqb winding technology allows for operating frequencies up to 250 kHz, thereby reducing the size of the power supply.
The pdqb winding configuration by Murata mitigates high-frequency losses and enables the construction of high-power high-frequency transformers. It offers a wide power range option from 30 kW to 400 kW, supports input-output isolation of up to 10 kV, and customized solutions can achieve higher isolation levels. The efficiency exceeds 99.5%, with a wide operating frequency range of 20-250 kHz or higher, input/output voltage ranging from 50 V to over 1 kV, and supports turns ratios from 1:1 to 10:1. It is a scalable technology that effectively eliminates the proximity effect, while also reducing the impact of winding capacitance and other losses, allowing for higher frequencies at higher powers within a smaller package.
Murata's patented pdqb winding technology overcomes the skin effect, proximity effect, and other high-frequency losses associated with traditional implementation methods, offering an efficient (>99.5%) solution in a compact footprint. The winding technology brings several additional benefits, including increased operating voltage and improved isolation voltage (up to 10 kV), controllable leakage inductance, and low interwinding capacitance, enhancing the performance of customer designs.
Murata's innovative pdqb winding technology can be applied in various applications, including electric vehicle/hybrid vehicle charging, rolling stock and trackside applications in railway systems, smart grid applications for energy distribution, industrial inverters and renewable energy systems, as well as medical applications, including X-ray and MRI systems.
Murata has introduced a range of HPHF transformers utilizing the patented pdqb technology for DC converters. These transformers offer high efficiency (>99.5%), small size, high power, and support a working frequency range of 20 kHz to 250 kHz. They can handle insulation voltages of up to 12 kV and can be customized according to customer requirements. Other products related to vehicle charging include 11 kW 3-phase PFC, 11 kW integrated PFC inductors, 6.6 kW transformers, 6.6 kW integrated transformers and inductors, current sensors, and 3 kW DC-DC main transformers.
Conclusion
With the rapid development of applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, power conversion technologies have become increasingly important. The market demand for related devices and modules is also growing rapidly. The power conversion modules and devices mentioned in this article are among the most popular products currently available. They can accelerate customers' development speed in related power supply products. If you would like to learn more about the aforementioned products, please contact Arrow Electronics directly to obtain the fastest technical support.